專業(yè)介紹
經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)是研究人類經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)的規(guī)律即價(jià)值的創(chuàng)造、轉(zhuǎn)化、實(shí)現(xiàn)的規(guī)律——經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展規(guī)律的理論，分為政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)與科學(xué)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)兩大類型。
政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)根據(jù)所代表的階級(jí)的利益為了突出某個(gè)階級(jí)在經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)中的地位和作用自發(fā)從某個(gè)側(cè)面研究價(jià)值規(guī)律或經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)律，科學(xué)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)自覺從整體上研究價(jià)值規(guī)律或經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)律。對(duì)稱經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)就是科學(xué)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)。經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的核心是經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)律；在對(duì)稱經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)看來，資源的優(yōu)化配置與優(yōu)化再生只是經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)律的展開和具體表現(xiàn)，經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的對(duì)象應(yīng)該是資源優(yōu)化配置與優(yōu)化再生后面的經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)律與經(jīng)濟(jì)本質(zhì)，而不是停留在資源的優(yōu)化配置與優(yōu)化再生層面。停留在資源的優(yōu)化配置與優(yōu)化再生層面的，是政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)而不是科學(xué)的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)。
要研究經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的規(guī)律就必須從整體上統(tǒng)一研究經(jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn)象，宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)與微觀經(jīng)濟(jì)是統(tǒng)一的經(jīng)濟(jì)體中對(duì)稱的兩個(gè)方面，所以在科學(xué)的對(duì)稱經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)范式框架中，有宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)與微觀經(jīng)濟(jì)之分，沒有宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)與微觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)之別；而政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)總是把經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)分為宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)與微觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)。
經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的對(duì)象是人類經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)的本質(zhì)與規(guī)律。社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展是以主體創(chuàng)造價(jià)值活動(dòng)為主導(dǎo)的、主客體從不對(duì)稱向?qū)ΨQ轉(zhuǎn)化的動(dòng)態(tài)平衡過程；以主體創(chuàng)造價(jià)值活動(dòng)為主導(dǎo)的、主客體從不對(duì)稱向?qū)ΨQ轉(zhuǎn)化，是社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的最根本動(dòng)力。因此主體創(chuàng)造、轉(zhuǎn)化、實(shí)現(xiàn)價(jià)值過程中主客體的對(duì)稱關(guān)系，就是人類經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)的本質(zhì)；以主體創(chuàng)造價(jià)值活動(dòng)為主導(dǎo)的、主客體從不對(duì)稱向?qū)ΨQ轉(zhuǎn)化的規(guī)律，就是人類經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)的根本規(guī)律
經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)出發(fā)點(diǎn)是經(jīng)濟(jì)主體和經(jīng)濟(jì)客體的對(duì)稱關(guān)系。經(jīng)濟(jì)客體和經(jīng)濟(jì)主體的對(duì)稱關(guān)系展開為經(jīng)濟(jì)主體和經(jīng)濟(jì)客體從不對(duì)稱到對(duì)稱的轉(zhuǎn)化運(yùn)動(dòng)，經(jīng)濟(jì)主體和經(jīng)濟(jì)客體從不對(duì)稱到對(duì)稱的轉(zhuǎn)化運(yùn)動(dòng)形成經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的客觀規(guī)律，展開為經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的邏輯體系。經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的出發(fā)點(diǎn)和經(jīng)濟(jì)的出發(fā)點(diǎn)是一致的，經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的邏輯和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的規(guī)律是一致的。
